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"PELARGONIUM"
Definition - What is "Pelargonium":
Pelargonium, also known as geraniums (Pelargonium L'Hér.), is a variety of flowering plants known for their distinct beauty of flowers and fragrance.
Annual or Perennial Plant:
Most species of pelargoniums are perennial plants.
Classification and Family:
Pelargonium belongs to the family Geraniaceae and includes various species.
Number of Species:
There are approximately 280 species of pelargoniums worldwide.
Sunlight Requirements:
Pelargoniums prefer bright sunlight and thrive best in sunny areas.
Tolerance to Shade:
They can tolerate shade, but flowering may be less pronounced in shady spots.
Drought Tolerance:
Pelargoniums are fairly drought-resistant but require regular watering.
Avoiding Overwatering:
They cannot withstand overwatering, so the soil should be well-drained.
Flowering Period - Months:
Pelargoniums can bloom from spring to late autumn, depending on the species and growing conditions.
Soil Requirements - pH:
Pelargoniums grow best in fertile soil with a slightly acidic pH (around 6-7).
Planting Guidelines - Presence of Crown, Best Locations:
When planting pelargoniums, the depth of the crown does not affect the plant's development. It is best to plant them in sunny areas of the garden or in pots.
Spring Care, Including Fertilization:
In spring, it's advisable to use complete fertilizers to support active plant growth.
Summer Care, Including Fertilization:
During the summer, regular watering and fertilization are necessary to maintain the vibrancy of the flowers.
Autumn Care, Including Fertilization:
In autumn, reduce watering and assess the plant's condition before winter.
Winter Care, Including Fertilization and Preparation for Winter:
Pelargoniums are better suited for winter indoors at temperatures not below 10°C. Reduce watering and suspend fertilization. There are two methods of pruning for winter depending on where the plant will be stored:
- In a cellar with no sunlight (complete shade): Trim the plant to the third bud, remove all leaves, seal the cuts with green paint, treat for pests and diseases, and store in the cellar until February.
- In a warm indoor setting on a windowsill: Trim the plant, leaving a few leaves on the branches. Remove all flowers and buds until February.
Cold Tolerance in Numbers:
Most pelargoniums are not frost-resistant and suffer damage at temperatures below 0°C. They do not overwinter in open ground.
Pruning During the Flowering Period:
Regular pruning helps maintain the plant's compact shape and promotes flowering. Prune to the third bud to encourage new shoots from which flowers will bloom. Woody branches should be pruned to a replacement shoot.
Treatment for Diseases and Common Diseases:
Pelargoniums can be affected by diseases such as powdery mildew or bacterial infections. Fungicides and other remedies are used to combat these issues.
Treatment for Pests and Common Pests:
Plants may be attacked by pests such as whiteflies, spider mites, thrips, etc. Insecticides are used for protection.
Natural Habitat:
Pelargoniums grow in various continents, including Africa, South America, and Australia. They can be found in different natural environments such as savannas, forests, or deserts.
Propagation:
Pelargoniums can be propagated by seeds, cuttings, or dividing the root system. Seed propagation is usually the most time-consuming method.
Additional Information:
Pelargoniums are known for their diversity of varieties and cultivars, which vary in flower color, leaf size, and shape. They are often used in ornamental gardening and are popular indoor plants due to their attractive flowers and fragrant leaves.